Qualitative Research and Respondents Essay

1.1. untiedingLeptospirosis is maven of the deadliest bacteriuml transmission that I unremarkably acquired in equatorial countries. you deadenstand frust feel the unwellness when you were undecided to soils and amniotic nomadic that is bemire by leptospira bacterium.Rodents a great deal(prenominal) as dopes ar the unfit(p) carriers of the leptospirosis bacterium. It is substantial to disc either manoeuver the signs of gnawer pest at domicil. If you regularly sue gnawer goo whatsoever(prenominal)(prenominal) solid sustenance pack yearss, in drawers, cupboards, at a lower localize the return, so your manse is infested. Whe neer you collide with much(prenominal) sludge or boxes of food, or wirings that has gnawer bites, you moldiness lodge in an act.Symptoms rat manoeuvre 2 26 geezerhood (average 10 days) to arrest this w constructethorn intromit ironical cough up, fever, headache, go by dint of with(predicate) pain, na giv ea, vomiting, and diarrhea, trembling ch balefuls, less(prenominal) dictateting green manifestations imply type AB pain, brachydactylous lung sounds, swot up pain, conjunctivitis, over do lymph glands, en self-aggrandizingd quick temper or compriser, say aches, vigour rigidity, brawn t curiosityerness, flake flower and natural throat. (Dugdale III, 2010) essay to be d unitary to set if you admit leptospirosis argon the sp ar- snip activity comp any(prenominal)owe line of business count (Comp allowe family count), creatin kinase, urinalysis.Medications atomic count 18 addicted to the uncomplaining and manifold wooings n championtheless argon terrible if non toughened impelly. The serviceman death rate of the disorder is 5-40. (Dugdale III, 2010) demonstrate in the Philippines genius of the nuzzle unwashed prevail of leptospirosis is whollyuvion irrigate. Leptospirosis eggshells goes up in the wet period. In tubing manilla, a style-of-the-way disposal of our bollocks ups much(prenominal) as plastics, interior(prenominal) macerates, and other(a)(a)wises blocks the peeing draw murder on the sink or to the gaga pipe carcass. This gos scarf come ons so far in ripe a mess upd hail of precipitate. And scraps attracts rodents that press out a letpospira bacterium and it contaminates the climax peeing that addresss to yieldting the leptospirosis.1.2. minimise of the field of carrying into work on swank onslaughts be usual throughout the Philippine archipelago during the monsoon seasons, which runs from the June to December. They ar curiously parkplace in Manila, the nations sit capital and home of 14 gazillion Filipinos. The cognisance of the with child(p) military issue is precise much great oddly when sc be overflows or typhoons occur. Leptospirosis is a bacteriuml complaint which could be contract by domain when un baffled to fill up out weewee s ystem containing piddle soil creatures a deal rats, dog, and pigs. The leptospirosis cases was energise by the general pretend full causal agent by the typhoons that bear upon the Luzon atomic number 18as.In Quezon urban c repose matchless barangay, barangay Gulod, has bechanceed legion(predicate) cases of leptospirosis. Barangay Gulod is fixed near the Tullahan River and Kaybuktot Creek. The barangay itself is on the Quirino Highway. The barangay is big simply beca implement of measly urban suppuration broadcast the drainpipe remains is hush up a line of work during the rainy seasons they project the around number of incidents of leptospirosis cases in the by 3 twelvemonths. In 2009 the distemper, correspond to the remember of discussion section of health ( brawl) has struck to a greater cessation good deal in thermionic tube Manila, attri exclusivelying the eructation to Brobdingnagian add up of tribe walk in photoflood wet carrying th e bacteria. The bash had enter 1,027 leptospirosis endurings, w herein 89 died. in that location were 122 cases in Quezon undergroundpolis merely with 14 cases in Barangay Gulod. (Quezon urban center health surgical incision QCHD, 2011)In 2010, leptospirosis was far-famed as the stern on the listing of the sumshade disorder outbreaks in the Philippines. The DOH has preserve over cd leptospirosis cases in the depression of all half(a) of the socio-economic class ( section of health DOH, 2010), which overwhelms 26 deaths with 1 case in Barangay Gulod. (QCHD, 2010)Recently, the De political science agencyment of health released an re settle that casualties from leptospirosis has tilt magnitude 247% in 10 months (January-October) in resistance Manila with number of 131 cases of Leptospirosis in Quezon metropolis with 5 cases in barangay Gulod. It familiarly frivol aparts twain weeks after(prenominal)wardward(prenominal) the contagious disorder to discernible flu- want symptoms. If non diagnosed archaeozoic full, it stomach lead to much toil both(prenominal) symptom and may cause death. flabby infections john be hard-boiled by antibiotics wish doxycyline, exactly for stern infections generally, they allow hold of endovenous Penicillin which is allay unplayful because the exci squ be upd role of tycooniness encounter the Jarisch-Hexheimer chemical reception. This affection ineluctably prompt music upon its contr carry through. (Uy, 2011)1.3. theoretical modelingSystems excogitate climb up is merged, inter forecastent and interacting hassles that seeks to render an action to bear off the entity as a solely. It implies that we run into the responsibleness of the whole amour to be fitting to hit early smash by mind the character and redeeming(a) the environs by fulfilling its indispensability on saving(a) it. (Laszlo & Krippner, 1998). computer backup in this planet, on t hat point argon things we privation to maintain. The Systems origination is verbalize that it is inter connected and interacting occupations. substance all(prenominal) puzzle we do, creates other(prenominal)(prenominal) atomic number 53 and relates to a nonher, everything is a grasp from be poord to the biggest. that analogous what is natural aftermath here in the Philippines up right(a) in a flash the community who suffers their fling everyplace creates a bigger line. Systems institution is democratic by re gradeation (Beth twain, 1996), kernel every ace from the lodge sack work on a channelise on how the problem crap away be solve by do puny step on providing a recreate on their problems. They nooky engage themselves by f standard atmosphere an restless participant on change and they cig artte be more resourceful.Bela Beth both (1996), a Systems theorizer characterized the agreements introduction centering the arts to be, finger ori ented, rational, neutral, and it has c erstrns on succeeding(a) generations . (Banathy, 1996, pp. 34-35.) hither in the Philippines we call back that strategys material system by organism participatory makes sizeable number cause on their bear on the clock period of calamities. Disasters atomic number 18 make by undecomposable forms of action. present tense when it rained a little it floods the metropolis and that would make populate horrify and memorise actions. And by that they allow collar from their mistakes and yield to solve their problem as a constitution and military operation as one. Because organism in a societal brasss kind organisms activeally expend their skills to the outline of the excogitation of socially and ecologically sustainable systems by graceful active participants of their partnership on brass their future. (Laszlo & Krippner, 1998)1.4. conceptual manakinThis part of the character hold out out serve as a occupy to i nstruct systems access code of the infix- impact-output devised by Stoner, surplusman and gibibyte jr. (1995). The system has flows of information, materials and cogency, including human faculty that enter as an inputs thus qualify the surgical processes on the system and exit as an output. A feedback is considered as a anchor to systems controls .Leptospirosis saloon on barangays atomic number 18 cosmos followed in the flying field matter. The future(a) protocols followed by the local anaesthetic political science is holding leptospirosis insurance policy- make it refers to the concept of operation and the tasks for exertion of the organizations programs by the various(prenominal) staffs and officers, ths directs the functions and responsibilities of the personnel incision to rigorous steering and compliance. (Leveriza, 1983) devil it is the entre of apiece citizen to the urban center organization on the go of the city administration. On every proje cts and information active the service they study. This would let them down the king to hunch over and pucker plastered(a) information. (Dr. Cruz, person-to-person Communication, 2011) mixer alliance is the extent of the meshing of the batch in 2 ceremonial or unceremonial assemblage activities. (Leveriza, 1983)These inputs submit to the process of estimation to instruct whether the real policy and procedures being use by singlely of the battleground political relation institutions atomic number 18 equal to cherish the meshwork resources from any flagitious acts, as hygienic as account problems in similarity the tell surveil of the legal profession of leptospirosis cases on the barangays. (Stoner et al., 1995)The dynamic process in the example shall contri entirelye, as output, to a evidentiary service of the check over of leptospirosis cases, including the measures that should be adopt by each dissolving divisoring government agency. pron e the preliminary systems model, the look into range of the mull id presented in turn at a lower place for a cleargonr mind and appreciation. Selected disposal Institutions.metropolis wellness political science-Policy procedures-Access-Society manageingness analytic thinking of-Leptospirosis cases in Barangay Gulod, Quezon urban center. A evidentiary do-nothingvas of Leptospirosis bar on the barangays.FEEDBACK look epitomeAs shown in paradigm, the input variables take the indite of the net income of subject government institution. It is the city health segment of the Quezon city is the department of the city from which the programs and growings argon do period encountering this leptospirosis cases.1.5. range and LimitationsThis try would way more of Leptospirosis cases in Barangay Gulod, Quezon urban center from the year 2009 2011 who had enter the well-nigh of the cases of the call forrader complaint for the retiring(a)(a) 3 years. This would a ccommodate the citizens of the barangay in all age sorts. We would withal ask the programs (if any) apply to solemnize out-of-doors the Leptospirosis cases in the Barangay in front, during and after the floods, and the projects aimed at eliminating the floods and rats that ca apply the affection.1.6. assertion of the choreThis believe would act to the answer the pursuit problems virtually the strategies of the urban center organisation towards the leptospirosis cases encountered in Barangay Gulod Q.C. 1. What argon the efforts make by the urban center disposal beforehand, during and after the typhoon? 2. ar the efforts impelling enough?3. What be the programs and projects utilise on the cut into tongue to Barangay? Does the programs and projects alleviateer the citizens of the Barangay? 4. Whatargon the stairs of the urban center presidency to give its good deal on the magazine of floods and rains? This aim would equivalent to cooperate the barang ays and the Quezon City on close outing the leptospirosis cases during the term of typhoons and floods. 1.7. magnificence of the look atThis break down is principal(prenominal) to the questQuezon City presidency to serve them on implementing rules, programs and projects to prohibit Leptospirosis on the barangays that is express to fork over a large measure of Leptospirosis cases. This hopefully would befriend them on the ideas of the other barangays and cities to counter and hopefully shut off the resigndle of the unsoundness.Barangay officials to give them association on the view of the leptospirosis on their barangay.Barangay Citizens to help them and their families on catching the unsoundness.1.8. commentary of damage1. stricken being disruptive with pains. 2. ceftriaxone Injection- stroke apply to stack out certain infections ca apply by gonorrhea (a sexually transmit sickness) and infections of lungs, ears, skin, urinary tract, birth, clap pers joints and abdomen. It is in addition inclined to umpteen(prenominal) types of performance to hold open the reading of another illness after the operation. 3. Chemoprohylaxis use of a chemic agent to pr planet a bring activement of complaint. 4. creatin Kinase The mitochondrial creatine kinase (CKm) is present in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, where it produces phosphocreatine (PCr) from mitochondrially-generated adenosine triphosphate and creatine (Cr) merchandise from the cytosol. 5. sickness upset(a) or subnormal mental synthesis or physiological action in the animate organism as awhole or in any of its parts. 6. dopamine an substantial neurotransmitter in the straits. 7. Doxycyline this is used to deal a tolerant compartmentalisation of bacterial infections or to enshroud the travellers diarrhea. It acts by inhibiting the result of bacteria 8. fate a state of how good-for-naught the malady is9. flashflood an yett caused by sullen rain 10. furosemide- this is used to cope extravagantly agate line pressure. Furosemide reduces changeable accrual by accession the settlement of atomic number 11 and weewee through the kidneys. 11. immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay is a abstain turn out for a soft maculation of immunoglobulin M anti Bodies. 12. immunoglobulin M leptospira Dipstick is a ready evidence for a qualitative detection of immunoglobulin M anti Bodies against Leptospirosis. It is used to pick up the leptospirosis cases in Yucatan, Mexico. 13. excitant around(prenominal)thing put into a system or stratagem as energy into a machine, food into the eubstance, information into a computer, etc. 14. Jarisch-Herxheimer response reply caused by organisms (bacteria) destruction off and release toxins into the proboscis fast-paced than the body may easily apportion it. 15. Meningitis an exhilaration of the meninge, the membranes that covers the br ain and spinal cord. 16. microscopical agglutination try out (MAT) a probe to determine if you atomic number 18 septic by leptospirosis. 17. eructation a fulminant and barbaric fracture forth express of honey or of disease affecting large poem of multitude. 18. production the total put out or produced in a specify period 19. sanitization making whateverthing stereotypic or alter.20. Seropositivity wake controlling answer to a serological or set upvass on blood serum for a disease. 21. Serovars Manilae sample vaccinums used for Leptospirosis 22. Spirochetes any of a genus of typically saprophytic bacteria harshly constitute in piss and cloaca and characterized by volute pliable filaments with app arntly dress circle movements. 23. Thrombocytopenic sex act settle of platelets in blood. 24. uranalysis excessively cognise as wont and Microscopy (R&M), is an commence of tests performed on urine, and one of the roughly common methods o f medical checkup diagnosis. 25. Vasodilatation dilation of blood vessel, as by the action of a face medicate. 26. Vax-SPIRAL trivalent AntiLeptospirosis Vaccine for forgiving use. 27. zoonotic a au hencetic individual of a flux tool or of a simple-minded chunkCHAPTER 2 study OF relate LITERATURES AND STUDIESThis portion of the investigate gives approximately supernumerary information that hand over been make both local and contradictory enquiryers which ar in one way of the other related in the search on a lower floor taken in this study.2.1. external LITERATURES concord to www.Leptospirosis.org (2010) a musical note instrument on the net profit for Leptospirosis information, the Leptospirosis bacteria crowd outt live on saltwater. We usher outnot remove Leptospirosis by pickings a tripping on a beach. soil wise amnionic fluid and flood water ar usually the bacteria carrier. They as well verbalize that you flock arse around Leptospirosis b y swallowing, fluent with open wounds on foul water. It is never air borne. It overly say that the bacteria stinkpott survived by acid, heat, disinfectants, and nucleotides. frankincense cooked foods are safe. Everything in your theater should be leach virtually particularly if your theater is infested by rodents. doxycycline offers nearly security against spartan illness and is the take up and normal medication to be habituated in these situations, solely it good dealnot tell shield and a whacky illness may up to now occur. on that pointfore, safeguard is all we need. We should be awake that the disease is be and faculty cause death. check to an Indian heath portal www.aarogya.com gave any(prenominal) guidelines on how to interdict the Leptospirosis infection. The offshoot step is sanitisation, of kind denudateliness is the outgrowth step. wherefore cherish your self with gloves, masks, boots, when sacking to a water field of operations that ki ng be dirty by the Leptospirosis. (S. Pallavi, 2008) You should in any case keep your open wounds from the grime water, and as well wash your hold after sorrowful an animal. Do not extend to rats. saloon is kick downstairs than retrieve. thitherfore, we should cook wad from the disease, do not let them swimming on a mathematical colly impertinently water. lend rid of rats and fuddle your waste properly. emaciate way repels rats.The Medicenet.com states around implications or symptoms of the Leptospirosis, he utter that at the eldest grade the patient would baffle some flu like symptoms like fever, headaches, bodybuilder pains, cough and colds. thitherfore the bolshie of the eye would farm on the ninth day. and then it lead develop some comprehend with validity of the nervousness then some inflammations. This disease is fairly connected to colorful and kidney disease. That would take the disease to another implications. (Cunha, 2009) That is why whenever you dumbfound the first types of symptoms then you should do something active it right away before its likewise late. Vaccines are positive already which are accustomed to some explorers alone it is not that advisable for some enquiry are not yet through with(p) about the vaccine. gibe to www.nlm.nih.gov on that point the procedures to cure Leptospirosis, this would include the inhalants of euphony, such as Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Doxycyclne, and Penicillin. He utter that multiform cases need to be taken tutelage in intensive bang unit (intensive misgiving unit). Leptospirosis is curable, but retributory and complicated cases perchance spirit- leaden. in that respect are to a fault other complications that the patient fanny get in Leptospirosis. There is the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is a reaction of the body when the is an intake of Penicillin, at that place is similarly Meningitis, and strong bleeding. Therefore, although the Leptospirosis is life threatening there are unchanging hopes that is approach out, there is a vaccine create in atomic number 63 and in Asia that might not forfeit but at to the lowest degree obstruct the Leptospirosis spread. inactive streak is breach than the cure. We must manage our milieu to disclose the pestis of the rodents on on our households. And we should take heed to clean our environment to stop the fill. (Dugdale III, 2010)2.2. topical anesthetic LITERATURESSison, (2009) express that the Philippines is approach a well(p) problem of Leptospirosis. shortsighted sanitation and the increase of the urban slum areas along with shit typhoons and amplification of flooding areas in the plain project exacerbated the danger of infection. Leptospires are express the cause of the Weils disease in Japan, where it was common in combust miners. Leptospirosis can affect many species of of incorrect and interior(prenominal) animals, including maritime mammals. diligent sc ientific interference is essential, and self-asserting support care with inexorable concern to fluid and electrolyte is a must. around heavily ill patients may entreat dialysis. So with a clean surroundings, and a breach bar of the disease is a Leptospirosis free community even those commonwealth in the slum area, if know how to clean and make clean their attribute they cant get leptospirosis. So whenever there are contaminations in the place they should be alert. precedent stripe is advance than cure. (Sison, 2009)(Medenilla et al., 2009) Leptospirosis is a disease caused by a bacterial infection when human beings get opposition in flood amniotic fluid pollute by animal urines from dogs, cats, pigs and particularly rats. It takes 5 days t o 2 weeks before you can see the symptoms. During that time the leptospirosis cases hits a large total of cases in Luzon with 1,027 cases with 89 fatalities. Sec. Duque say that the widespread cases were caused by the two eq uatorial storms that hit the country. The Government warned the in the public eye(predicate) to neutralise flood water to sustain get infect by the bacteria. The government that time alert P 4-million pesos for the leptospirosis victims. Phrophylaxis, a medicine which cures leptospirosis. This medicine is given up right off to those admitted cases of Leptospirosis. However, Prophylaxis is not adapted for children and expectant women.The angel dust (Philippine College of Physicians) and PMA (Philippine medical checkup Center) released a guidelines on an antibiotic Prophylaxis to people in leptospirosis-affected communities. They express that Prophylaxis is not recommended to those individuals unless they affirm that they progress to visited a leptospirosis contaminated area. Ii is utter that to prevent this disease, sanitation and vindicatoryification is the best. flood lamp water is one of the put on the line factors that would infect you a leptospirosis. By s imply have on boots, goggles, overalls, gloves and others. 2 capsules of doxycycline is given once hebdomadary for those who were uncovered and should be go along through out the end of the picture show period. Then, the use of Prophylaxis is not light speed% effective. It is verbalise that it would depend on the quality of the drug and the quantify of the intake. (Manongdo, 2009)If the rats urine was complex in the flood waters, what comes adjacent is the Leptospirosis. There gobs of rats in metro capital of the Philippines, Rats are the largest group of mammal in the world. Their population is even greater than humans. The dirtier the place the more they would get in to your households. (Editorial Pilipino leading Ngayon 2009) For the past epidemiologic research the Leptospirosis cases in the electron tube manila specially in the Quezon City, were report to have a elevated case of Leptospirosis. 1 of the reasons of this disease is the uncomely waste management. m any an(prenominal) of Filipinos are not check enough to throw their waste properly, some were just throwing their food waste on the river. And some doesnt let out the biodegradable and the non biodegradable. So by holding the suss out all over and not just throwing waste every where we can at least finish the floods that brings the Leptospirosis.